"viciousness" meaning in All languages combined

See viciousness on Wiktionary

Noun [English]

Audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-viciousness.wav [Southern-England] Forms: viciousnesses [plural]
Etymology: From Middle English viciousnesse; equivalent to vicious + -ness. Etymology templates: {{inh|en|enm|viciousnesse}} Middle English viciousnesse, {{suffix|en|vicious|ness}} vicious + -ness Head templates: {{en-noun|~}} viciousness (countable and uncountable, plural viciousnesses)
  1. The characteristic of being vicious. Tags: countable, uncountable Synonyms: viciosity, vitiosity Translations (the characteristic of being vicious): порочност (poročnost) [feminine] (Bulgarian), 邪恶 (xié'è) (Chinese Mandarin), 不道德 (bùdàodé) (Chinese Mandarin), brutaleco (Esperanto), viciozeso (Ido)
    Sense id: en-viciousness-en-noun-SRh5G-T0 Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 49 51 Disambiguation of 'the characteristic of being vicious': 100 0
  2. The desire to cause harm to others; extreme cruelty. Tags: countable, uncountable Translations (the desire to cause harm to others; extreme cruelty): 恶意 (èyì) (Chinese Mandarin), 险恶 (xiǎn'è) (Chinese Mandarin), maliceco (Esperanto), saña [feminine] (Spanish)
    Sense id: en-viciousness-en-noun-RByVtnnB Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, English terms suffixed with -ness, Entries with translation boxes, Pages with 2 entries, Pages with entries, Terms with Bulgarian translations, Terms with Esperanto translations, Terms with Ido translations, Terms with Mandarin translations, Terms with Spanish translations Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 49 51 Disambiguation of English terms suffixed with -ness: 36 64 Disambiguation of Entries with translation boxes: 13 87 Disambiguation of Pages with 2 entries: 16 84 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 16 84 Disambiguation of Terms with Bulgarian translations: 19 81 Disambiguation of Terms with Esperanto translations: 18 82 Disambiguation of Terms with Ido translations: 16 84 Disambiguation of Terms with Mandarin translations: 20 80 Disambiguation of Terms with Spanish translations: 18 82 Disambiguation of 'the desire to cause harm to others; extreme cruelty': 0 100

Noun [Middle English]

Head templates: {{head|enm|noun}} viciousness
  1. alternative form of viciousnesse Tags: alt-of, alternative Alternative form of: viciousnesse
    Sense id: en-viciousness-enm-noun-j05CXFZn Categories (other): Middle English entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 2 entries, Pages with entries

Inflected forms

{
  "etymology_links": [
    [
      "viciousnesse",
      "viciousnesse#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "vicious",
      "vicious#English"
    ],
    [
      "-ness",
      "-ness#English"
    ]
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "viciousnesse"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English viciousnesse",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "vicious",
        "3": "ness"
      },
      "expansion": "vicious + -ness",
      "name": "suffix"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English viciousnesse; equivalent to vicious + -ness.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "viciousnesses",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "~"
      },
      "expansion": "viciousness (countable and uncountable, plural viciousnesses)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "49 51",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The characteristic of being vicious."
      ],
      "id": "en-viciousness-en-noun-SRh5G-T0",
      "links": [
        [
          "vicious",
          "vicious"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "viciosity"
        },
        {
          "word": "vitiosity"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "lang_code": "bg",
          "roman": "poročnost",
          "sense": "the characteristic of being vicious",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "порочност"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "lang_code": "cmn",
          "roman": "xié'è",
          "sense": "the characteristic of being vicious",
          "word": "邪恶"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "lang_code": "cmn",
          "roman": "bùdàodé",
          "sense": "the characteristic of being vicious",
          "word": "不道德"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "eo",
          "lang": "Esperanto",
          "lang_code": "eo",
          "sense": "the characteristic of being vicious",
          "word": "brutaleco"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "code": "io",
          "lang": "Ido",
          "lang_code": "io",
          "sense": "the characteristic of being vicious",
          "word": "viciozeso"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "49 51",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "36 64",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English terms suffixed with -ness",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "13 87",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Entries with translation boxes",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "16 84",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 2 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "16 84",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "19 81",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "18 82",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Esperanto translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "16 84",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Ido translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "20 80",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "18 82",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              37,
              48
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "2017 June 12, Betsy Klein, quoting Ivanka Trump, “Ivanka Trump: ‘There is a level of viciousness that I was not expecting’”, in CNN, archived from the original on 20 Jul 2017:",
          "text": "“It is hard. And there is a level of viciousness that I was not expecting. I was not expecting the intensity of this experience, but this isn’t supposed to be easy. My father and this administration intends to be transformative, and we want to do big, bold things and we’re looking to change the status quo. So I didn’t expect it to be easy. I think some of the distractions and some of the ferocity was — I was a little blindsided by on a personal level,” she said.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The desire to cause harm to others; extreme cruelty."
      ],
      "id": "en-viciousness-en-noun-RByVtnnB",
      "links": [
        [
          "desire",
          "desire"
        ],
        [
          "harm",
          "harm"
        ],
        [
          "extreme",
          "extreme"
        ],
        [
          "cruelty",
          "cruelty"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "0 100",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "lang_code": "cmn",
          "roman": "èyì",
          "sense": "the desire to cause harm to others; extreme cruelty",
          "word": "恶意"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 100",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "lang_code": "cmn",
          "roman": "xiǎn'è",
          "sense": "the desire to cause harm to others; extreme cruelty",
          "word": "险恶"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 100",
          "code": "eo",
          "lang": "Esperanto",
          "lang_code": "eo",
          "sense": "the desire to cause harm to others; extreme cruelty",
          "word": "maliceco"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 100",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "lang_code": "es",
          "sense": "the desire to cause harm to others; extreme cruelty",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "saña"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-viciousness.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5c/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-viciousness.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-viciousness.wav.mp3",
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      "tags": [
        "Southern-England"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "viciousness"
}

{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "viciousness",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "word": "viciousnesse"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 2 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "alternative form of viciousnesse"
      ],
      "id": "en-viciousness-enm-noun-j05CXFZn",
      "links": [
        [
          "viciousnesse",
          "viciousnesse#Middle_English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "viciousness"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms derived from Middle English",
    "English terms inherited from Middle English",
    "English terms suffixed with -ness",
    "English uncountable nouns",
    "Entries with translation boxes",
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
    "Terms with Esperanto translations",
    "Terms with Ido translations",
    "Terms with Mandarin translations",
    "Terms with Spanish translations"
  ],
  "etymology_links": [
    [
      "viciousnesse",
      "viciousnesse#Middle_English"
    ],
    [
      "vicious",
      "vicious#English"
    ],
    [
      "-ness",
      "-ness#English"
    ]
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "viciousnesse"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English viciousnesse",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "vicious",
        "3": "ness"
      },
      "expansion": "vicious + -ness",
      "name": "suffix"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English viciousnesse; equivalent to vicious + -ness.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "viciousnesses",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "~"
      },
      "expansion": "viciousness (countable and uncountable, plural viciousnesses)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "The characteristic of being vicious."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "vicious",
          "vicious"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "viciosity"
        },
        {
          "word": "vitiosity"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              37,
              48
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "2017 June 12, Betsy Klein, quoting Ivanka Trump, “Ivanka Trump: ‘There is a level of viciousness that I was not expecting’”, in CNN, archived from the original on 20 Jul 2017:",
          "text": "“It is hard. And there is a level of viciousness that I was not expecting. I was not expecting the intensity of this experience, but this isn’t supposed to be easy. My father and this administration intends to be transformative, and we want to do big, bold things and we’re looking to change the status quo. So I didn’t expect it to be easy. I think some of the distractions and some of the ferocity was — I was a little blindsided by on a personal level,” she said.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The desire to cause harm to others; extreme cruelty."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "desire",
          "desire"
        ],
        [
          "harm",
          "harm"
        ],
        [
          "extreme",
          "extreme"
        ],
        [
          "cruelty",
          "cruelty"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-viciousness.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5c/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-viciousness.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-viciousness.wav.mp3",
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      "tags": [
        "Southern-England"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "lang_code": "bg",
      "roman": "poročnost",
      "sense": "the characteristic of being vicious",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "порочност"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "lang_code": "cmn",
      "roman": "xié'è",
      "sense": "the characteristic of being vicious",
      "word": "邪恶"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "lang_code": "cmn",
      "roman": "bùdàodé",
      "sense": "the characteristic of being vicious",
      "word": "不道德"
    },
    {
      "code": "eo",
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "lang_code": "eo",
      "sense": "the characteristic of being vicious",
      "word": "brutaleco"
    },
    {
      "code": "io",
      "lang": "Ido",
      "lang_code": "io",
      "sense": "the characteristic of being vicious",
      "word": "viciozeso"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "lang_code": "cmn",
      "roman": "èyì",
      "sense": "the desire to cause harm to others; extreme cruelty",
      "word": "恶意"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "lang_code": "cmn",
      "roman": "xiǎn'è",
      "sense": "the desire to cause harm to others; extreme cruelty",
      "word": "险恶"
    },
    {
      "code": "eo",
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "lang_code": "eo",
      "sense": "the desire to cause harm to others; extreme cruelty",
      "word": "maliceco"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "lang_code": "es",
      "sense": "the desire to cause harm to others; extreme cruelty",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "saña"
    }
  ],
  "word": "viciousness"
}

{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "viciousness",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "word": "viciousnesse"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
        "Middle English lemmas",
        "Middle English nouns",
        "Pages with 2 entries",
        "Pages with entries"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "alternative form of viciousnesse"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "viciousnesse",
          "viciousnesse#Middle_English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "viciousness"
}

Download raw JSONL data for viciousness meaning in All languages combined (4.7kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (1a05e46 and e3d6d4e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.